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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January 2023 and the risk of importation. Methods: According to the daily COVID-19 data publicly released by Johns Hopkins University, combined with the travel restrictions published by Sherpa, an epidemiological description method was used to provide a comprehensive and timely assessment of the global epidemic risk through a general overview, a comprehensive assessment of the epidemic trends in each continent and key countries, as well as a comprehensive analysis of the epidemic and travel requirements in 14 neighbouring countries. Results: Compared with the previous month, the number of confirmed cases and deaths respectively decreased by 40.37% and increased by 147.95% globally in January 2023. Daily new confirmed cases showed a decreasing trend, while deaths in all continents stayed stable except Asia in January. The time taken for every 50 million new confirmed cases and 500 thousand deaths globally has increased slightly. The number of deaths in Japan, America, China, and Australia increased rapidly. Zambia, Argentina, New Zealand and Mexico were the countries that showed a sharp rise in the number of deaths in January. Russia was the country with special concern among the 14 neighbouring countries. Conclusion: The global daily new confirmed cases and deaths showed a downward trend in January, but the epidemic situation was prominent in some regions and countries. It is necessary to continuously monitor countries with global focus and establish a communication mechanism with relevant agencies to exchange information and provide timely warnings.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2022 and the risk of importation. Methods: According to the daily COVID-19 data publicly released by Johns Hopkins University, combined with the policy stringency index published by the University of Oxford, an epidemiological description method was used to provide a comprehensive and timely assessment of the global epidemiological risk overview, a comprehensive assessment of the epidemic trends in each continent and key countries, as well as a comprehensive analysis of the epidemic and prevention and control policies in 14 neighboring countries. The assessment results for each country are expressed as countries of gl, "countries of the general concern in each continent" and "neighboring countries of special concern". Results: Compared with the previous month, the number of confirmed cases and deaths respectively increased by 38.92% and 25.95% globally in February 2022. Daily new confirmed cases and deaths in the Asia continued to rise in December. The time taken for every new 50 mill confirmed cases and 50 thousand deaths globally has increased significantly. Japan, Korea, America and France were countries with global concern. Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Mauritius and Australia were the countries of general concern in each continent. Russia with was the special count among the 14 neighboring countries. Conclusion: The global daily new confirmed cases and deaths showed a downward trend after mid-December, but the epidemic situation was prominent in some regions and countries. information and provide timely warnings.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in October 2022 and the risk of importation.
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Objectives: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in September 2022 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in August 2022 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in May 2022 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: This study conducted bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 related literature, to understand the research status of COVID-19, explore the latest progress and research trends in the field of COVID-19 research, and provide data support for the construction of a comprehensive and detail system based on COVID-19 literature.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in March 2022 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in January 2022 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in December 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in November 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in October 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in September 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in July 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in June 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in May 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in April 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in March 2021 and the risk of importation.
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Objective: To assess the global epidemic of COVID-19 in February 2021 and the risk of importation.
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ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ephedra sinica Stapf is a widely used folk medicine in Asia to treat lung diseases, such as cold, cough and asthma. Many efforts have revealed that some traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions containing Ephedra sinica could effectively alleviate the symptoms and prevent the fatal deterioration of COVID-19. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study aims to discover active compounds in Ephedra sinica disrupting the interaction between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (SARS-CoV-2 RBD) to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ethanol extracts of Ephedra sinica were prepared. Activity guided isolation of constituents was carried out by measuring the inhibitory activity on ACE2-RBD interaction. The structures of active compounds were identified by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and NMR. To testify the contribution of main components for the inhibitory activity, different samples were prepared by components knock-out strategy. The mechanism of compounds inhibiting protein-protein interaction (PPI) was explored by competition inhibition assays, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays and molecular docking. SARS-CoV-2 S protein-pseudoviruses were used to observe the viropexis effect in cells. RESULTS: Ephedra sinica extracts (ESE) could effectively inhibit the interaction between ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 RBD (IC50 = 95.01 µg/mL). Three active compounds, 4,6-dihydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid, 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid and 4-hydroxy-6-methoxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid were identified to inhibit ACE2-RBD interaction (IC50 = 0.58 µM, 0.07 µM and 0.15 µM respectively). And knock-out the three components could eliminate the inhibitory activity of ESE. Molecular docking calculations indicated that the hydrogen bond was the major intermolecular force. Finally, our results also showed that these compounds could inhibit the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 S protein-pseudoviruses to 293T-ACE2 (IC50 = 0.44-1.09 µM) and Calu-3 cells. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that quinoline-2-carboxylic acids in Ephedra sinica could be considered as potential therapeutic agents for COVID-19. Further, this study provided some justification for the ethnomedicinal use of Ephedra sinica for COVID-19.